{"id":4914,"date":"2025-07-31T09:35:09","date_gmt":"2025-07-31T07:35:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/?p=4914"},"modified":"2025-09-01T14:21:17","modified_gmt":"2025-09-01T12:21:17","slug":"polybutylensuccinat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/archiv\/polybutylensuccinat\/","title":{"rendered":"Golden Compound Relies on Bio-PBS and Sunflower Seed Shells \u2013 Sustainable Plastics with Excellent Processing Properties"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4914\" class=\"elementor elementor-4914\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b48c83 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1b48c83\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c7a826b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c7a826b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Polybutylene Succinate (PBS) \u2013 A Sustainable Plastic with Future Potential<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69c5e2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"69c5e2f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Global plastic pollution is one of the greatest environmental challenges of our time. To address this issue, innovative materials are needed\u2014ones that are both high-performing and eco-friendly. One such material is Polybutylene Succinate (PBS). This biodegradable plastic offers a promising alternative to conventional plastics such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP).<\/p><p>PBS stands out due to its high heat resistance (up to &gt;90\u00b0C), good impact strength, and excellent processability. These characteristics make it suitable for a wide range of applications, including food packaging, plant pots, and technical components. At the same time, PBS impresses with its biodegradability: at the end of its lifecycle, the material is broken down by microorganisms into water, biomass, and carbon dioxide\u2014leaving no harmful residues behind.<\/p><p>PBS\u2019s biodegradability even surpasses that of other bioplastics such as PLA (polylactic acid), making it an important solution in reducing plastic waste and contributing to environmental protection.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5770210 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5770210\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How is PBS produced?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8fe0cc6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8fe0cc6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a64a14 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a64a14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Producing PBS is similar to a chemical cooking process where specific \"ingredients\" are transformed into a useful plastic. The two main components are succinic acid (SA) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO). These serve as the basic building blocks of the PBS polymer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35dfb41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"35dfb41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pbs.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"pbs\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NDkxNSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy5nb2xkZW4tY29tcG91bmQuY29tXC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8yMDI1XC8wN1wvcGJzLndlYnAifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"497\" src=\"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pbs-768x497.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-4915\" alt=\"Polybutylensuccinat\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pbs-768x497.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pbs-300x194.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pbs-1024x663.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pbs-18x12.webp 18w, https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pbs.webp 1248w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Pure Bio-PBS<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-226a737 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"226a737\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The \u201cCooking Process\u201d (Polycondensation):<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99de88e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"99de88e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>PBS production occurs in two main steps, known as polycondensation:<\/p><p><strong>Step 1: Mixing and Heating (Esterification)<\/strong> Succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol are mixed in a special reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer and inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) to prevent oxidation. The mixture is gently heated to 160\u2013190\u00b0C. During this initial phase, the monomers start forming short chains, releasing water vapor as a byproduct\u2014much like steam during cooking.<\/p><p><strong>Step 2: Building Long Chains (Polycondensation)<\/strong> The temperature is then raised to 220\u2013240\u00b0C, enabling the formation of long, stable polymer chains. Imagine this as connecting many small LEGO bricks into a long, flexible chain\u2014this happens on a molecular level. Achieving high molecular weights is essential for strong mechanical properties. However, conventional polycondensation may cause degradation processes that hinder chain formation. To prevent this and speed up the reaction, catalysts\u2014commonly titanium-based compounds\u2014are added.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f12372d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f12372d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Where Do the Raw Materials Come From?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0acb487 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0acb487\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The origin of succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol significantly influences the environmental footprint of PBS:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Fossil Resources:<\/strong> Traditionally, these chemicals can be derived from petroleum, natural gas, or coal\u2014similar to many conventional plastics.<\/li><li><strong>Plant-Based Biomass:<\/strong> A more environmentally friendly method is to use renewable plant resources, such as sugars or starches from corn, sugarcane, or cassava. This approach makes PBS biobased and significantly improves its sustainability.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10f77a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"10f77a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Biobased PBS<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98f56ae elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"98f56ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A \u201cbiobased\u201d plastic means its raw materials come from living organisms\u2014particularly renewable biological resources like plants, rather than fossil fuels. In practice, the biobased content of Bio-PBS is typically around 70%, due to a combination of economic and technical factors:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Cost Factors:<\/strong> While bio-based BDO production from plants is technically feasible, it remains nearly twice as expensive as fossil-based BDO. For companies competing on price, this presents a significant challenge.<\/li><li><strong>Efficiency and Scalability:<\/strong> Although biobased production methods are improving, fossil-based production remains more efficient and better suited for high-volume industrial output.<sup>10<\/sup> Petro-based PBS is sometimes considered more \"pure\" and ideal for large-scale, continuous processes.<\/li><\/ul><p>Even if one component, like succinic acid, is 100% biobased, the other\u2014BDO\u2014may still be partially or entirely fossil-based. This \"blending\" balances environmental goals with cost efficiency and production realities. However, experts predict that fully <strong>biobased PBS<\/strong> will become price-competitive in the near future as demand grows and technology advances.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4a81fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4a81fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Recycling and Circular Economy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa2ea14 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fa2ea14\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92fa7a2 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"92fa7a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In addition to being biodegradable, PBS can also be chemically recycled\u2014breaking the material down into its original monomers for reuse. Think of taking apart the LEGO chain back into individual bricks. Mechanical recycling is also viable if done in closed-loop systems. However, repeated cycles can degrade quality, resulting in shorter and more worn LEGO chains over time.<\/p><p>Both recycling methods support a <strong>circular economy,<\/strong>helping to minimize waste and maximize resource reuse.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-098cfb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"098cfb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"590\" src=\"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/sunflowerrecycling-768x590.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-2666\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/sunflowerrecycling-768x590.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/sunflowerrecycling-300x230.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/sunflowerrecycling-1024x787.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/sunflowerrecycling-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/sunflowerrecycling.webp 1333w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40626f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"40626f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Path to 100%: Making PBS Even Greener<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1de25b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b1de25b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The long-term goal is to produce 100% biobased PBS at competitive prices\u2014making it an even more sustainable solution.<\/p><p>To achieve this, several developments are underway:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Smarter Microorganisms<\/strong> Researchers are engineering high-performing microbes to convert plant sugars into succinic acid and BDO more efficiently. These \u201csuper-microbes\u201d could revolutionize the fermentation process.<\/li><li><strong>Lower Production Costs:<\/strong> As technology improves and large-scale biorefineries increase production, costs will decrease, making fully biobased PBS more commercially viable.<\/li><li><strong>Broader Feedstock Base:<\/strong> Scientists are exploring the use of non-food biomass like wood chips, straw, and agricultural residues (lignocellulose) to reduce dependence on food crops and improve overall sustainability.<\/li><li><strong>Policy and Regulation:<\/strong> Governments can drive adoption by offering incentives or setting quotas for biobased content. Regulatory support is crucial to push the market toward fully renewable materials, especially when cost alone isn\u2019t enough to shift demand.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07c4da2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"07c4da2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Why Golden Compound Chooses PBS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c322ac elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c322ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>At Golden Compound, we deliberately use <strong>Bio-PBS<\/strong> as the foundation for many of our <strong>GC green formulations.<\/strong> Not just because of its sustainability\u2014but because of its excellent processing and performance characteristics. Our customers appreciate PBS because it behaves much like conventional plastics, yet is biodegradable at the end of its life.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a84417c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a84417c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Bonus Sustainability Factor: Sunflower Seed Shells<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a104c3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4a104c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Our GC green product line takes sustainability even further by incorporating sunflower seed shells\u2014a byproduct of the food industry that would otherwise go to waste. By using this natural material as a filler, we not only create a unique natural look and feel, but also conserve valuable resources.<\/p><p>This combination\u2014Bio-PBS as a biobased matrix and sunflower seed shells as a natural filler\u2014makes our GC green materials especially sustainable. They are biodegradable, durable, and versatile, suitable for applications such as plant pots, packaging, and more.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cddabfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cddabfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The Benefits of GC green at a Glance:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e1d69b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e1d69b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>Excellent processability<\/strong> \u2013 perfect for injection molding, extrusion, and thermoforming<\/li><li><strong>Flexible formulations,<\/strong>including options with 100% biobased PBS upon request<\/li><li><strong>Natural fillers<\/strong>like sunflower seed shells or mineral additives to reduce resource use<\/li><li><strong>High thermal resistance<\/strong> and strong mechanical properties<\/li><li><strong>Biodegradable<\/strong> and recyclable in closed-loop systems<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5c7b986 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5c7b986\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bio-PBS as a Key to a Greener Future<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b825acf elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b825acf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Polybutylene succinate is much more than an alternative to traditional plastics. It\u2019s a material that perfectly blends sustainability and functionality. With our <strong>GC green materials,<\/strong> we go one step further: combining Bio-PBS with renewable raw materials like sunflower seed shells, we offer innovative, eco-conscious solutions for the needs of today and tomorrow.<\/p><p>By choosing products made from Bio-PBS, you are actively contributing to <strong>environmental protection<\/strong> and supporting the shift toward a resource-efficient circular economy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2958a26a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2958a26a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15e97bf e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"15e97bf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42c35025 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"42c35025\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b61dc2e elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1b61dc2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"676\" height=\"676\" src=\"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/2025-Verarbeitungshinweise-green-EN.pdf\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-3402\" alt=\"\" sizes=\"(max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-228af988 e-flex e-con-boxed elementor-invisible e-con e-child\" data-id=\"228af988\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95a80a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"95a80a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Josephine Donner<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4714e543 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4714e543\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Please do not hesitate to contact Josephine Donner for any further information!<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23e0c576 e-grid-align-right e-grid-align-mobile-center elementor-shape-rounded elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons\" data-id=\"23e0c576\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"social-icons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-linkedin elementor-animation-grow elementor-repeater-item-45a82c1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/josephine-donner\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Linkedin<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fab fa-linkedin\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-envelope elementor-animation-grow elementor-repeater-item-dd17ec5\" href=\"mailto:%20j.donner@golden-compound.com\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Envelope<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-phone elementor-animation-grow elementor-repeater-item-7d73983\" href=\"tel:%20+491708071513\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Phone<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-phone\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Plastic pollution is a major environmental issue. We need new materials that are environmentally friendly yet strong. One such material is polybutylene succinate (PBS). This biodegradable plastic is an excellent alternative to conventional plastics, such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP).<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4915,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"full-screen","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"on","ocean_display_header":"on","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"on","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"on","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[90],"tags":[56,54,128,60,71,137,138,55],"class_list":["post-4914","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-compounds","tag-biokunststoffe","tag-biowerkstoffe","tag-forstwirtschaft","tag-gc-green","tag-nachhaltiger-naturfaserwerkstoff","tag-pbs","tag-polybutylensuccinat","tag-sonnenblumenkernschalen","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4914","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4914"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4914\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5066,"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4914\/revisions\/5066"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4915"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4914"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4914"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.golden-compound.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4914"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"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